Abstract: When a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) is driven out of equilibrium, density waves interact nonlinearly and trigger turbulent cascades. In a turbulent BEC, energy is transferred toward small scales by a direct cascade, whereas the number of particles displays an inverse cascade toward large scales. In this work, we study analytically and numerically the direct and inverse cascades in wave-turbulent BECs. We analytically derive the Kolmogorov-Zakharov spectra, including the log correction to the direct cascade scaling and the universal prefactor constants for both cascades. We test and corroborate our predictions using high resolution numerical simulations of the forced-dissipated Gross-Pitaevskii model in a periodic box and the corresponding wave-kinetic equation. Theoretical predictions and data are in excellent agreement, without adjustable parameters. Moreover, in order to connect with experiments, we test and validate our theoretical predictions using the Gross-Pitaevskii model with a confining cubic trap. Our results explain previous experimental observations and suggest new settings for future studies.

Cite: Zhu Y. , Semisalov B. , Krstulovic G. , Nazarenko S.
Direct and inverce cascades in turbulent Bose-Einstein condensate
Physical Review Letters. 2023. V.130. N13. 133001 :1-6. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.130.133001 WOS Scopus РИНЦ OpenAlex

Dates:

Submitted:	Sep 14, 2022
Accepted:	Feb 21, 2023
Published print:	Mar 27, 2023
Published online:	Mar 27, 2023

Identifiers:

Web of science:	WOS:000960523100009
Scopus:	2-s2.0-85152107891
Elibrary:	61216170
OpenAlex:	W4360998639

Citing:

DB	Citing
Web of science	28
Scopus	27
OpenAlex	33
Elibrary	21

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